Criminal Law
| COMMUTATION OF SENTENCE |
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| A commutation of sentence is the reduction of a defendant's sentence by a state's governor. It is a form of clemency. A commutation does not remove any legal disabilities of the defendant's conviction. It only has the effect of reducing the defendant's original sentence. A commutation has no effect on the defendant's guilt. More... |
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| Check Kiting, Improper Personal Loans to Banking Officers, and Overdrafts |
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| Check kiting is a crime that involves one or more individuals who utilize checking accounts at two or more financial institutions. The purpose of using two or more institutions is for the systematic exchange of checks written in similar amounts. The individual uses the lag time that it takes to clear checks through the Federal Reserve System to use and collect the money. More... |
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| DURESS AS A DEFENSE |
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| If another person compels a defendant to commit an offense, the defendant may claim that he or she committed the offense under duress. The defense of duress means that the defendant did not have the necessary mental state to commit the offense or to be criminally responsible for the offense. More... |
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| MURDER |
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| A person commits the offense of murder when he or she intentionally or knowingly causes the death of an individual or when he or she intends to cause serious bodily injury to an individual and commits an act that causes the death of the individual. More... |
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| Bank Fraud and Financial Institutions |
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| Congress enacted a bank fraud statute as part of the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984. The purpose of the bank fraud statute was to fill the gaps that existed with respect to fraud against federally chartered or insured institutions. Thereafter, other federal acts were passed to expand the scope and coverage of the bank fraud statute. Some of the other acts included the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989, the Crime Control Act of 1990, and the Racketeering Influence and Corrupt Organizations Act. More... |
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